Evaporators are used to concentrate a solution, separating the vapor from the solution. All evaporation equipment contains a heat exchanger for heating the process solution and a means to effectively separate the vapor from the residual liquid, called a vapor separator. Evaporator performance is rated by Lbs per hour or Kg per hour of evaporation. The greatest increase in steam economy is achieved by reusing the vaporized solvent. This is done in a Multiple Effect Evaporator by using the vapor from one effect as the heating medium for another effect in which boiling takes place at a lower temperature and pressure. Another method of increasing the utilization of energy is to use a Thermo Compression evaporator, in which the vapor is compressed so that it will condense at a temperature high enough to permit its use as the heating medium in the same evaporator. This type is also called a MVR or mechanical vapor recompression.
Short tube vertical evaporators are natural circulation evaporators. These units consist of short tubes 4-6 feet long and 2” to 4” in diameter set between two horizontal tube sheets that span the evaporator body diameter. The tube bundle contains a large circular down comer that returns concentrated liquid above the top tube sheet to below the bottom tube sheet for product withdrawal. The driving force for flow of liquid through the tubes is the difference in density between the liquid in the down comer and the tubes.
Long tube vertical evaporators accomplish more evaporation than in all other types combined. They are also natural circulation evaporators. They are also categorized individually as rising film, falling film, and rising/falling film types. Basically these units consist of a vertical single pass shell and tube heat exchanger discharging into a relatively small vapor head. Tube length is typically12’ to 36’; and the tube diameters are from 0.75” to 2” OD. Units may be once through or recirculating, depending upon the application. Long tube evaporators are the most economical design.
Forced circulation evaporators are made in a variety of arrangements for services where the feed and/or product liquor has a tendency to salt or scale and where the viscosities of the solutions are so high that natural circulation is not feasible. Force circulation is achieved by using pumps. Forced circulation leads to high tube side velocities and higher heat transfer coefficients and smaller heating surfaces. The pump withdraws liquor from the flash chamber and forces it through the heating element back to the flash chamber. Circulation is maintained regardless of the evaporation rate so this type of evaporator is well suited to crystallizing operations where solids must be maintained in suspension at all times.
Thin Film or Wiped Film are agitated evaporators - essentially a large diameter jacketed tube, in which the product is vigorously agitated and continuously removed from the tube wall by scraper blades or wipers mounted on a shaft rotating inside the tube. The material to be processed is continuously spread as a thin film on the tube walls by the mechanical agitator. This permits processing of extremely viscous and heat sensitive materials, as well as products that crystallize. The heating medium may be steam or hot oil on the jacket side.
Type: Evaporator
Subtype: Rising/Falling Film
Manufacturer: Buflovak/Blaw Knox
Model: x-320 steam chest
Condition: Used
Material: Stainless Steel 316
Evaporation Rate: 6,765 kg/h (14,915 lb/h)
Total Heat Transfer Surface Area: 262.6 m² (2,827 ft²)
Orientation: Vertical. Pressure: 8.3 bar (120 psi). Temperature: 148.9 °C (300 °F). Vacuum: Yes. Number of Effects: 2. Vapor Body #1: 316 SS 36" OD x 102 " SS, lug Mounted Print weight 1400 lbs.. Vapor Body # 2: 316SS 42" OD x 102" SS, lug mounted Print weight 2000 lbs.. Steam Chest #1: 903 Sq.Ft. 316 SS tubes and tube sheets, CS shell. 36" OD x 319" OAL . 116 straight tubes, 1.5"OD x 239" Vertical lug mount.. Steam Chest # 2: 1924 Sq.Ft. 316 SS tubes and tube sheets, CS shell. 34" OD x 333" OAL 245 1.5" tubes 0.049" wall x 20' long. Vertical lug mount.. Condenser: 900 Sq.Ft. 316 SS tubes, tube sheets and heads, CS shell. 30" OD x 137" OAL, 430 straight tubes 1" OD x 0.049" wall x 8' long Horizontal saddle mounted.. Feed Heating: 316 SS plate & Frame Alfa Laval 27 Sq.Ft. & 51 Sq.Ft..
Type: Evaporator
Subtype: Rising/Falling Film
Manufacturer: Buflovak/Blaw Knox
Condition: Used
Material: Stainless Steel 316
Evaporation Rate: 7,257 kg/h (16,000 lb/h)
Total Heat Transfer Surface Area: 83.6 m² (900 ft²)
tubular evaporation system manufactured by Buflovak-Blaw-Knox. Includes 5 main pieces and support equipment such as pumps and small plate heat exchanger. Main pieces are as follows:(D) 1st effect steam chest (heat exchanger), 900 Sq Ft. NB #8255/ 9393, SN # 17669/18701, (1997) rated for 50 psi at 300 degrees on the shell, Model 1256642. 36" diameter x 10' OAL mounted vertical. (C) 1st effect vapor separator, RRFC, 42" diameter x 9' OAL with top side man way and "York" style 931 316 SS demisting mesh packing for vapor carry over.(needs to be replaced). (E) 2nd effect heater, 4' diameter x 13' OAL, with (B) 38" diameter x 8' OAL separator with cone bottom. NB # 3136, serial # 11514, Rated for MAWP Vacuum at 179 degrees F. ( HSB # 2544B) Plant # S-11181-2. With 18" man way and sight glass. With 12" interconnecting pipe, and elbow pump. Overhead condenser (A) approx. 2000 Sq. ft., 316 SS , 2/4 pass on tube side(cooling) with 12" water inlet/outlet. Discharge of overheads to distillate.
30" diameter x 10' 3" OAL, saddle mounted, with two 40 Lb. steam jets to supply vacuum.
Pressure: 3.4 bar (50 psi). Temperature: 148.9 °C (300 °F).
Type: Evaporator
Subtype: Rising/Falling Film
Condition: Used
Material: Stainless Steel 304
Evaporation Rate: 340.2 kg/h (750 lb/h)
Pressure: 2.1 bar (30 psi)
single effect batch evaporator system with (2) reinforcing rings around straight side of vapor body With top center mounted veritcal SS condensor, manufactured by APV, approx 16" diameter x 8' straight side; ,Also with 304SS seperator tank,, National Board number 96, Serial Number 10312-3. rated FV/30 @ 297 degrees F, with 12" side tagential inlet connected to the vapor body, and a 12" top outlet connecting to a 2nd vertical condensor, 12" x 6' straight side, National Board number 99, Serial Number 10312-4, Rated 100 psi @ 150 degrees F shell side, FV/15 psi @ 175 degrees f tube side. System Includes interconnecting piping circulation pumps. Evaporator Drawing shows tubes as (38),
Temperature: 147.2 °C (297 °F). Vacuum: Yes. Vapor Body #1: with a 2000 gallon 304SS vapor body.
Type: Evaporator
Subtype: Rising/Falling Film
Manufacturer: Wiegand/Becker
Condition: Used
Material: Stainless Steel Austentic
Clad: Yes
Evaporation Rate: 100 kg/h (220.5 lb/h)
Total Heat Transfer Surface Area: 3.8 m² (40.6 ft²)
single effect falling film evaporator system, product feed approximately 300 kg/hr @ 20 degrees C, product output approximately 200 kg/hr @ 50 degrees C, system includes:
shell -1/3.2 bar @ 150 degrees C (66 liter),
220mm diameter 316 stainless steel (1.4571) shell, with expansion bellows, insulated and clad,
(1) 300 liter 316 stainless steel (1.4571) vertical jacketed separator vessel, manufactured by Wiegand/Becker, pressure internal -1/3.2 bar @ 150 degrees C, jacket: -1/3.2 bar @ 150 degrees C, 508mm diameter x 1500mm straight side
insulated and clad,
(1) 316 stainless steel (1.4571) tube, shell and head vertical preheater/condenser,
manufactured by Wiegand/Becker, serial #3681,
pressure tubeside -1/3.2 bar @ 150 degrees C (46 liter), shell -1/3.2 bar @ 150 degrees C, (5.6 liter), 140mm diameter x 4m long 316 stainless steel shell, (2) 316 stainless steel (1.4571) bolt dished heads, mounted on lugs, insulated and clad,
(1) 316 stainless steel(1.4571) tube, shell and head vertical condenser, manufactured by Wiegand/Becker,
serial #3682, pressure tubeside -1/3.2 bar @ 150 degrees C (61 liter), shell -1/3.2 bar @ 150 degrees C (25 liter), 168mm diameter x 3944mm long 316 stainless steel shell. (2) 316 stainless steel (1.4571) flat heads, Mounted on lugs, insulated and clad,
(3) 316 stainless steel(1.4571) centrifugal circulation pumps, manufactured by Fristam/Stamp, (1) pump is a type FP712/120KF and (2) are type FP712/130KF, 1.1 kW/2900 rpm, openings DN40/PN16 inflow and (1) DN40/PN16 outlet
driven by 1.1 kW, 220-380V/50 Hz/ 2840 rpm, ex proof (T3) motor, mounted on baseplate;
Other ancillaries include, carbon steel framework, control panel, miscellaneous stainless steel pipework,
Pressure: 3.2 bar (46.4 psi). Temperature: 150 °C (302 °F). Vacuum: Yes.
Type: Evaporator
Subtype: Rising/Falling Film
Manufacturer: APV Mitchell
Condition: Used
Material: Stainless Steel 316
Evaporation Rate: 7,620 kg/h (16,800 lb/h)
Total Heat Transfer Surface Area: 24.9 m² (268 ft²)
4-effect (Kestner) falling film evaporator system product flow rate 5600 lbs/hr @ 48 degrees C, feed flow rate 22400 lbs/hr @ 90 degrees C, System consists of: (1) 24 square meter (268 square feet) 316 stainless steel tube, head and shell vertical falling film evaporator (1st effect), manufactured by APV Mitchell ltd, serial #9/388630/73, working pressure tube side 15 psig + full vacuum @ 100 degrees C, shell 9.5 psig + full vacuum @ 170 degrees C, (38) 1½” diameter x 16 swg x 20’ long 316 stainless steel tubes, 316 stainless steel tube sheets, 14” diameter 316 stainless steel shell, (2) 316 stainless steel dished heads, top head with distributor plate, mounted on lugs, (1) 57 square meter (616 square feet) 316 stainless steel tube, head and shell vertical falling film evaporator (2nd effect), manufactured by APV Mitchell ltd, serial #9/388640/73, working pressure tube side 9 psig + full vacuum @ 87 degrees C, shell 15 psig + full vacuum @ 100 degrees C, (88) 1½” diameter x 16 swg x 20’ long 316 stainless steel tubes, 316 stainless steel tube sheets, 21” diameter 316 stainless steel shell, (2) 316 stainless steel dished heads, top head with distributor plate, mounted on lugs, (1) 71 square meter (770 square feet) 316 stainless steel tube, head and shell vertical falling film evaporator (3rd effect), manufactured by APV Mitchell ltd, serial #9/388650/73, working pressure tube side full vacuum @ 71 degrees C, shell full vacuum @ 87 degrees C, (109) 1½” diameter x 16 swg x 20’ long 316 stainless steel tubes, 316 stainless steel tube sheets, 23” diameter 316 stainless steel shell, (2) 316 stainless steel dished heads, top head with distributor plate, mounted on lugs, (1) 99 square meter (1070 square feet) 316 stainless steel tube, head and shell vertical falling film evaporator (4th effect), manufactured by APV Mitchell ltd, serial #9/388660/73, working pressure tube side full vacuum @ 50 degrees C, shell full vacuum @ 70 degrees C, (151) 1½” diameter x 20’ long 316 stainless steel tubes, 316 stainless steel tube sheets, 27” diameter 316 stainless steel shell, (2) 316 stainless steel dished heads, top head with distributor plate, mounted on lugs, (1) 30 square meter (330 square feet) 316 stainless steel tube, head and shell vertical condenser (pre-heater), manufactured by Stainless Steel Plant Ltd, serial #4414, design pressure tubeside 110 psi @ 187 degrees C, shell 33 psi @ 130 degrees C, (63) 1” diameter x 20’ long 316 stainless steel tubes, 316 stainless steel tube sheets, 16” diameter 316 stainless steel shell, (2) 316 stainless steel flat heads, mounted on lugs (1) 99 square meter (1072 square feet) 316 stainless steel tube, head and shell horizontal condenser (vacuum condenser), manufactured by Stainless Steel Plant Ltd, serial #4415, design pressure tubeside 100 psi @ 50 degrees C, shell full vacuum @ 50 degrees C, (256) 1” diameter x 16’ long 316 stainless steel tubes, 2-pass tubeside, 316 stainless steel tube sheets, 25” diameter 316 stainless steel shell, (2) 316 stainless steel dished heads, mounted on saddles (1) approx 670 liter 316 stainless steel separator (1st effect), manufactured by APV, serial #388530, design pressure 17 psig + full vacuum @ 126 degrees C, 2’ 6” diameter x 4’ 6” straight side, bolt dished top, weld coned bottom, mounted on lugs, (1) approx 880 liter 316 stainless steel separator (2nd effect), manufactured by APV, serial #388540, design pressure full vacuum @ 100 degrees C, 2’ 9” diameter x 4’ 11” straight side, bolt dished top, weld coned bottom, mounted on lugs, (1) approx 1500 liter 316 stainless steel separator (3rd effect), manufactured by APV, serial #388550, design pressure 4.4 psi + full vacuum @ 80 degrees C, 3’ 3” diameter x 5’ 10” straight side, bolt dished top, weld coned bottom, mounted on lugs, (1) approx 4000 liter 316 stainless steel separator (4th effect), manufactured by APV, serial #388560, design pressure full vacuum @ 60 degrees C, 4’ 6” diameter x 8’ 3” straight side, bolt dished top, weld coned bottom, mounted on lugs,
Pressure: 1.03 bar (15 psi). Temperature: 90 °C (194 °F). Vacuum: Yes.
Type: Evaporator
Subtype: Rising/Falling Film
Manufacturer: Wiegand
Condition: Used
Material: Stainless Steel Austentic
Evaporation Rate: 14,000 kg/h (30,865 lb/h)
Total Heat Transfer Surface Area: 695.9 m² (7,491 ft²)
single effect falling film evaporator system with mechanical vapour compression product feed 70,000 kg/hr @ 70 deg C and 12 Gew. -% NaOh, product outlet 56,000 kg/hr @ 73 deg C and 15 Gew.-% NaOH, steam consumption 980 kg/hr @ 3 bar, System consists of: (1) 696 square meter (7491 square feet) 316 stainless steel (1.4571) tube, shell and head vertical falling film evaporator (effect), manufactured by Wiegand, kom #2341-75-81-03, design pressure tube side -1/1 bar @ 100 degrees C (6870 liter), shell -1/1 bar @ 120 degrees C (8970 liter), (806) 42.4mm diameter x 1.5mm x 7m long 316 stainless steel (1.4571) tubes, 1.7m diameter 316 stainless steel (1.4571) shell, 316 stainless steel (1.4571) tubesheets, (1) 316 stainless steel (1.4571) bolt flat dished top, (1) 316 stainless steel (1.4571) bonnet head, mounted on lugs(1) 14000 ltr 316 stainless steel (1.4571) vertical pressure tank/separator, manufactured by Wiegand, kom #2341-75-81-03, design pressure -1/+1 bar @ 100 degrees C (14195 liter), 1.6m diameter x 3m straight side, weld dished top and bottom, mounted on lugs(1) 36 square meter (387 square feet) 316 stainless steel ( 1.4571)tube, head and shell vertical condenser (pre-heater), manufactured by Wiegand, kom #2341-75-81-03, design pressure tube side -1/0.5 bar @ 100 degrees C (428 liter), shell -1/1 bar @ 120 degrees C (645 liter), (75) 33.7mm diameter x 1.5mm x 5m long 316 stainless steel (1.4571) tubes, 316 stainless steel (1.4571) tube sheets, multi-pass tube side, 508mm diameter 316 stainless steel (1.4571) shell with expansion bellow, (2) 316 stainless steel (1.4571) bolt dished heads, mounted on lugs(1) 26802 m3/hr stainless steel vapour centrifugal compressor, manufactured by Borsig, type GKS 630, serial #21-1110, 415/475 kw, 10237 rpm, pressure 1 bar @ 710 deg C, driven by 475 kw, 3/50/5000 volt, 2971 rpm Siemens motor, (3) Stainless steel centrifugal feed pumps, (1) carbon steel vertical tank, weld dished top and bottom, mounted on legs
Orientation: Vertical. Pressure: 3 bar (43.5 psi). Vacuum: Yes.
Type: Evaporator
Subtype: Rising/Falling Film
Manufacturer: Apparatebau Crimmitschau GmbH/Germany
Condition: Used
Material: Stainless Steel 316
Total Heat Transfer Surface Area: 9.9 m² (106 ft²)
Orientation: Vertical
single effect circulation evaporator carbon steel shell CE 0036 stamped shell side rated 10 bar@ 200°C, (volume 92 liter) single pass design bolt flat boned head welded dished bottom with stand (1.4408) stainless steel circulation pump manufactured by Klaus Union, type SLMSVB32/01-09E02WS, serial number P00054548 driven by a 2 kW electrical motor, manufactured by VEM motors, 3~/50Hz/220-240V/380-420V/1430rpm, IP55, EExeIIT3,
Pressure: 3 bar (43.5 psi). Temperature: 200 °C (392 °F). Vacuum: Yes.
Type: Evaporator
Subtype: Rising/Falling Film
Manufacturer: Cream City Boiler
Condition: Used
Evaporation Rate: 45.4 kg/h (100 lb/h)
Total Heat Transfer Surface Area: 20 m² (215.3 ft²)
single effect evaporator 100 psi @ 350 degrees F in the jacket on the bottom 1/3 of straight side of tank only. 2097 liters.
Pressure: 3.4 bar (50 psi). Temperature: 176.7 °C (350 °F). Vapor Body #1: vapor body is a 500 gallon 316SS vessel.