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The crude oil plant is designed in such a way that it can process a wide range of crude oils into products that meet specifications according to the raw material and market situation.
Range of products of the plant
Product
Plant subsection
Head gas (distillation gas), raw gasoline
Crude oil column/debutaner
LPG (C3, C4)
Entbutaner
gas gasoline, light gasoline, light naphtha,
Naphtha Shards
Heavy naphtha, kerosene, medium oil, heavy medium oil, atm. Residue
Light Vacuum Gas Oil (LVGO), Medium Vacuum Gas Oil (MVGO), Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil (SVGO), Vacuum Residue
Vacuum column
The products obtained in the plant are pumped to the tank farm for intermediate and finished products or to other plants of the plant for further processing. The quantities produced depend on the composition of the crude oil and the operating conditions. In addition, excess medium-pressure steam (MD steam) is released into the plant network. MD steam is steam with a pressure of 20.0 bar.
The plant is supplied with crude oil. After preheating in several heat exchangers, desalination takes place. By adding water, the corrosive chloride-containing salt components of the crude oil are extracted with water in addition to the salts. In other heat exchangers and in the crude oil furnace, the crude oil receives the temperature of up to 360 °C required for distillative separation.
During the subsequent distillation in the crude oil column, the desired fractions are subtracted and fed into downstream columns and strippers for processing and further separation.
There, the extracted heavy naphtha, kerosene, medium oil and heavy medium oil are stripped to separate the more boiling components. The products heavy naphtha, kerosene, medium oil and heavy medium oil are fed into the tank farm for finished and intermediate products or into other plants of the plant for further processing. The medium oil is fed into the middle distillate thydation, Building 062. Here, the medium oil is hydrogenated together with light vacuum gas oil from the vacuum distillation column to reduce the sulphur content. After hydrogenation and stripping, the middle distillate (component of diesel fuel) is fed into the tank farm.
The head gas of the crude oil column is compressed in compressors and then cooled. Condensates produced in the process are fed into the debutaner. It distillatively separates the product used into a C3/C4 mixture (liquefied petroleum gas) and a swamp product. The latter is fed into the naphtha splinter for further separation into gasoline, light gasoline and light naphtha. Non-condensed gases are released as distillation gas for gas post-processing.
Atmospheric residue is removed from the sump of the crude oil column and, after cooling to approx. 320 °C, is conveyed through a heat exchanger into the vacuum furnace. Here, the energy required for separation in the vacuum column is supplied to the atmospheric residue. The two-phase flow from the vacuum furnace is fed into the vacuum column where it is distillatively separated.
The head gases from the vacuum column are sucked in in a three-stage vacuum generation system and the non-condensable parts are fed to the head gas compression of the crude oil column.
Light, medium and heavy vacuum gas oil (LVGO, MVGO and SVGO) are obtained from the vacuum column as side products; vacuum residue is withdrawn from the sump. MVGO and SVGO are further processed into other plants at the plant and LVGO is desulphurised as described with the medium oil from the atmospheric part according to specification.