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Plant Types: Oil and Gas
Subtypes: Visbreaker
Capacity: 27 kbpd
In the Visbreaker, the residues from the VD‐500 are thermally cracked. In exceptional cases, the atmospheric residue of the D‐500 can also be used. The VBU consists of two strings, each capable of processing 80 t/h of vacuum residue.
In the VBU, long-chain hydrocarbons are broken up by the action of temperatures in the range of 400 °C to 500 °C. As a result, the residue of the VD‐500 mixing components is recovered in the boiling range below 400 °C. Since the splitting reaction that takes place results in a reduction in the viscosity of the residue used, the system is called a "visbreaker" or viscosity breaker.
The vacuum residue used is heated to a maximum of 450 °C in the L2‐A and L2‐B furnaces with the heating agent 8 bar heating gas (the ignition burner is operated with natural gas). At a pressure of 10 bar, the residue in the so-called soaker is exposed to the reaction conditions for a defined period of time.
The reaction product is then expanded, cooled to below 400 °C and further processed to separate the hydrocarbons formed in atmospheric distillation N‐1 and vacuum distillation N‐2A. In the N‐1, the head product is a cracker gas is obtained, which is directed to the head gas of the D‐500. The upper side fraction is a crude cracker gasoline that is fed to the HDS (1200) kerosene desulphurization plant. A cracking gas oil (KGO) is produced as the lower side fraction, which is piped to the MDH. The swamp product of N‐1 is directed to N‐2A.
At a pressure of 10 mbar to 20 mbar, a cracking light distillate (KLD) is extracted from the N‐2A as a head product, which is fed to the T124 tank. A cracker vacuum distillate (KVD) is obtained as a side fraction, which is fed to tank T121 (additional component to HCU's application product) and/or as a flux agent for the cold residue to the input tank O‐38 for flux oil in the VBU.
The swamp product of N‐2A is formed, the so‐called visbreaker residue, which is cooled and used as an input product for oil gasification, as a sales product or as a mixed component for heavy heating oil. In the latter case, the Visbreaker residue is mixed with a flux agent KGO, KVD or a flux component from tank T55 or a mix of all of the above. This causes a further reduction in viscosity, so that the residue remains liquid even at temperatures below 100 °C.
Plant Types: Oil and Gas
Subtypes: Crude Distillation Unit (CDU), Vacuum Distillation Unit (VDU)
Capacity: 145 kbpd
The crude oil plant is designed in such a way that it can process a wide range of crude oils into products that meet specifications according to the raw material and market situation.
Range of products of the plant
Product
Plant subsection
Head gas (distillation gas), raw gasoline
Crude oil column/debutaner
LPG (C3, C4)
Entbutaner
gas gasoline, light gasoline, light naphtha,
Naphtha Shards
Heavy naphtha, kerosene, medium oil, heavy medium oil, atm. Residue
Light Vacuum Gas Oil (LVGO), Medium Vacuum Gas Oil (MVGO), Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil (SVGO), Vacuum Residue
Vacuum column
The products obtained in the plant are pumped to the tank farm for intermediate and finished products or to other plants of the plant for further processing. The quantities produced depend on the composition of the crude oil and the operating conditions. In addition, excess medium-pressure steam (MD steam) is released into the plant network. MD steam is steam with a pressure of 20.0 bar.
The plant is supplied with crude oil. After preheating in several heat exchangers, desalination takes place. By adding water, the corrosive chloride-containing salt components of the crude oil are extracted with water in addition to the salts. In other heat exchangers and in the crude oil furnace, the crude oil receives the temperature of up to 360 °C required for distillative separation.
During the subsequent distillation in the crude oil column, the desired fractions are subtracted and fed into downstream columns and strippers for processing and further separation.
There, the extracted heavy naphtha, kerosene, medium oil and heavy medium oil are stripped to separate the more boiling components. The products heavy naphtha, kerosene, medium oil and heavy medium oil are fed into the tank farm for finished and intermediate products or into other plants of the plant for further processing. The medium oil is fed into the middle distillate thydation, Building 062. Here, the medium oil is hydrogenated together with light vacuum gas oil from the vacuum distillation column to reduce the sulphur content. After hydrogenation and stripping, the middle distillate (component of diesel fuel) is fed into the tank farm.
The head gas of the crude oil column is compressed in compressors and then cooled. Condensates produced in the process are fed into the debutaner. It distillatively separates the product used into a C3/C4 mixture (liquefied petroleum gas) and a swamp product. The latter is fed into the naphtha splinter for further separation into gasoline, light gasoline and light naphtha. Non-condensed gases are released as distillation gas for gas post-processing.
Atmospheric residue is removed from the sump of the crude oil column and, after cooling to approx. 320 °C, is conveyed through a heat exchanger into the vacuum furnace. Here, the energy required for separation in the vacuum column is supplied to the atmospheric residue. The two-phase flow from the vacuum furnace is fed into the vacuum column where it is distillatively separated.
The head gases from the vacuum column are sucked in in a three-stage vacuum generation system and the non-condensable parts are fed to the head gas compression of the crude oil column.
Light, medium and heavy vacuum gas oil (LVGO, MVGO and SVGO) are obtained from the vacuum column as side products; vacuum residue is withdrawn from the sump. MVGO and SVGO are further processed into other plants at the plant and LVGO is desulphurised as described with the medium oil from the atmospheric part according to specification.
Plant Types: Oil and Gas
Subtypes: Hydrogenation Plant
Capacity: 2.9 M3 Reactor
Designed by Buss, Built 1989, operated only 3 months due to business conditions
8 m x 10 x 9 m high, modular system Buss Loop Reactor System
Plant Types: Oil and Gas
Subtypes: Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) Plant
Capacity: 1,170 BPD
Raw Materials: Carbon DiOxide (CO2), Hydrogen, Natural Gas - Liquid Natural Gas (LNG), Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Naphtha: High purity liquid paraffins targeted for chemical feedstock, or chemicals such as solvents, lighter fluids
Distillate: Zero sulfur and high cetane, ideal performance-enhancing automotive diesel additive, or used as high purity liquid paraffins in chemicals such as solvents, detergents, or drilling fluids
J40 Low Melt and J55 Mid Melt Wax: Low and mid-melting point waxes are primarily used in candles, corrugated board, particle board, tires, PVC additives, pharmaceuticals and personal care and cosmeticsJ75 High Melt Wax: Used in PVC additives for extruders, hot-melt adhesives, inks paints and coatings, candle additives, and personal care and cosmetics
J100 Hard Wax: Used in hot melt adhesives, PVC lubricants, inks, paints and coating additives, asphalt additives, and personal care and cosmetics
Plant Types: Fertilizer and Agrichemical, Oil and Gas, Industrial Gases
Subtypes: Carbon DiOxide Plant
Capacity: 250 tpd Food Grade CO2
The plant produces food grade CO2 at a capacity of 250Te/day. The CO2 final product spec is 99.998% purity.
The plant mainly consists of
Product specification:
Water 10.0 ppm w/w max
Sulphur 0.1 ppm w/w max
Gaseous inerts 100 ppm v/v
Methanne10 ppm v/v max
Argon 1.0 ppm w/w max
Boron 0.1 ppm w/w max
Halogens 1.0 ppm w/w max
Carbonyls 1.0 ppm w/w max
Oil 2.0 ppm w/w max
Arsenic 0.0 ppm w/w max